หนังสือการทดสอบตาม «Spiral Dynamics:
Mastering Values, Leadership, and
Change» (ISBN-13: 978-1405133562)
ผู้สนับสนุน

The Blue Value System of Spiral Dynamics

What is the theory of Spiral Dynamics?


Spiral Dynamics is a model of the evolution of individuals and societies' value systems (memes). Each has its code and color with a unique set of value orientations and priorities that form its beliefs and values. People and societies dynamically move through these levels depending on the changing conditions of life, experience, and challenges that stand in their way.


Who created Spiral Dynamics?


The beginning was laid by the research of Dr. Clare W. Graves

The term Spiral Dynamics was used by Don Beck and Christopher Cowan in the book «Spiral Dynamics: Mastering Values, Leadership, and Change.»


What color are you Spiral Dynamics?


ColorIn a lifeIn a business
TurquoiseThe Global visionSynthesis
YellowFlexible streamWin-Win-Win behaviour
GreenInterpersonal relationsSocial networks
OrangeCompetitionProject management
BlueThe power of truthBusiness Process Management
RedThe rule of forceStarting up a personal business
PurpleFamily relationsFamily relations
BeigeSurvivalOwn farm


The blue value system focuses on order, rules, and tradition. It is characterized by a strong sense of duty and discipline and a belief in a moral code that is handed down from a higher authority. According to the Spiral Dynamics model, this value system is often associated with traditional, religious, or military societies and is considered the fourth level of human development. People in blue vMeme are guided by strict codes of conduct, and they are conformist; they tend to be rule-bound and follow a strict hierarchy. They tend to be loyal to their group or organization and have a strong sense of duty and responsibility. They strongly believe in a moral code or laws handed down by a higher authority and tend to be very traditional, conservative, and religious. They have a strong sense of right and wrong and tend to be judgmental of others who do not conform to their beliefs.

The Blue Value System through the lenses of SDTEST® 


SDTEST® has 36 different VUCA polls that calculate the 13,034 correlation values between stages of development according to the theory of Spiral Dynamics and answer options of these 33 polls.

We invite curiosity about the systemic mechanisms behind this correlation. There may be hidden variables that provide alternative explanations.


In our analysis of the poll "The main priorities of job seekers," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination: 


0.0742 between the Financial compensation and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0664. This positive correlation of 0.0742 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.



This positive correlation connects 0.0742 with Blue vMeme's adherence to hierarchy, duty, and moral principle. In aligning with the structure and rules, financial incentivization reinforces one's sense of a meaningful place within the greater order.


Additionally, Blue psychology emphasizes self-sacrifice for the greater good. Higher pay symbolizes the importance of one's ceremonial contribution according to the code. It affirms the significance of one's disciplined efforts for the purpose of the team.


However, taken to an extreme, might strict Blue orderliness become disturbed by growing income inequality? We must ensure that unfair compensation does not breed questioning of the entire bounding system.



In our analysis of the poll "My Greatest Fears," we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.067 between the Return to repression and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0369. This negative correlation of -0.067 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 



A negative correlation between Blue psychology and fearing a return to repression initially seems contradictory. By nature, Blue values rules, hierarchy, and moral order as bulwarks against chaos. 


So, what could explain this puzzling inverse relationship that defies Blue's intrinsic philosophy?


Some hypotheses:

  1. Nuances within Blue expressions could lead some variants to tolerate alternative worldviews, unlike dogmatic fundamentalism. Differences in Blue pluralism may factor in.
  2. External social shifts could pressure Blue rule sets to allow more diversity. Even the dutiful adjust when the systems they belong to change dynamics.
  3. The correlation may reveal complex developmental cycling between repressive and expressive societal eras over generations. Blue thrives when the structure rebounds from anarchy.

We talked about this poll in more detail in this article.



In our analysis of the poll "Psychological Wellbeing (by Carol D. Ryff)" (Personal growth), we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.0903 between the I think it is important to have new experiences that challenge how you think about yourself and the world / Somewhat disagree and Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0563. This positive correlation of 0.0903 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.



This positive correlation of 0.0903 reveals an interesting tension within Blue orderliness - while duty and moral law provide identity security, some moderate openness helps uphold group integrity over time. Clinging too rigidly to static doctrines risks destabilization.


The Blue quest for meaning finds answers in the certainty of rules, customs, and hierarchies set from on high. Thus, wariness toward questioning tenets makes sense; transformation may undermine all that stabilizes society. 


Yet progressive reforms across history show even the most traditionalist institutions must eventually adapt to changing conditions at society’s margins. Thus Blue may tolerate some measured exploration, lest orthodoxies grow utterly detached from emerging realities.



In our analysis of the poll "XING's culture assessment" (Strategic direction. Imagine a great employer - which aspects do you like the most?), we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.2136 between The company is willing to experiment and Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.1696. This negative correlation of -0.2136 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.  



This negative correlation of -0.2136 reveals an interesting tension within Blue orderliness - while stability and continuity of moral authority provide meaning, openness to experimentation risks undermining the very bindings that sustain society. Thus Blue thinking leans away from unauthorized change.


The Blue quest for purpose finds answers in the certainty of structures and rituals legitimized from on high. Questioning core tenets contradicts the entire worldview. Customs must be scrupulously maintained, as transformation may degrade the very fabric Blue psychology depends upon.


Yet history shows that even hardened traditionalism changes gradually when disconnects from emerging realities grow too great. Thus Blue may tolerate some reform when functioning suffers. The correlation hints that outright “experimentation” sounds too untethered, but modest evolution ensures social coherence. 



In our analysis of the poll "Biggest problems facing my country," we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.0836 between The climate change and Blue stage. 

The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0541. This negative correlation of -0.0836 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.


This negative correlation of -0.0836 makes sense when we consider the Blue value system's adherence to traditional authority and morality. For the Blue worldview, long-established social order and adherence to righteous codes are paramount. However, climate change threatens to profoundly disrupt stability and obedience to historical norms.

From a mythic orientation, alterations in weather may be interpreted as divine communication or punishment. However, embracing scientific evidence for mankind's role clashes with Blue's deference to absolutes handed down from a higher sanctified past. Admitting imperfections in ancestral teachings contradicts ideological purity.  

Addressing climate change often involves progressive proposals and emerging technologies that conflict with conservatism. Campaigns for sustainability may be seen as tools to erode traditional authority rather than pragmatic solutions. Calls for collective action quickly sound like chaos undermining the rightful stringency of a chain of command.

In sum, climate change signifies a loss of control, moral weakness, and tainting of perceived perfection in the way things ought to operate. For Blue to uphold certainty in the face of destabilizing change, denial offers preservation of all one holds sacred. This sheds light on the reasons behind resistance.


In our analysis of the poll "Does ageism exist?" we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.0858 between the Age of respondents 40-44 years and Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0843. This positive correlation of 0.0858 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.  



This positive correlation of 0,0858 makes sense, given Blue's adherence to rules, hierarchy, and traditional authority. 


Ageism is prejudice, discrimination, or stereotyping against someone based on their age. It can affect both younger and older people, but most researchers use the term to refer to prejudice against older people.


As those in their early-mid 40s begin confronting their own aging process while still occupying professional responsibility, they likely resonate with Blue principles of respecting elder status. 


In Blue logic, undermining such conventions risks destabilizing critical social structures that maintain order. So those entering middle age likely increasingly value long-held norms around seniority rather than joining younger voices prone to ageist judgments. Conformity to age weighting becomes personal.


In sum, the correlation suggests those influenced by Blue recognize prejudice against older demographics represents a threat to the sacred social order. It demonstrates a self-referential belief in upholding traditional hierarchies they now occupy and defending earned senior entitlements.



In our analysis of the poll "Ageism in career," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.0869 between the I don't know if our organization has systems in place to deal with cases of ageism and Blue stage. 

The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0866. This positive correlation of 0.0869 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 


This positive correlation of 0.0869 makes sense, given Blue’s adherence to the established order, respect for hierarchical authorities, and rule-based operations. Addressing complex social issues like ageism in organizations involves nuanced consideration of biases.


According to Blue logic, proper channels handed down from above are trusted to maintain stability. Questioning or correcting elder decision-makers feels uncomfortable. 


Additionally, Blue does not automatically analyze or disrupt conventions without cause, unlike Orange and Green. Organizational continuity relies on the system's assumed fairness. What has worked before endures.


So this correlation suggests those aligning with blue see institutional processes as righteous; upsetting them requires an invitation from leaders. Admitting ageist unknowns seems less plausible or urgent amid a rule-driven environment ordained to be just. 


Blue’s correlation with admitted uncertainty around organizational ageism protocols suggests principled loyalty before complex, disruptive social evaluation. Order trumps ambiguity.



In our analysis of the poll "Empathy is," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.0957 between the Seeing things from another point of view / Strongly Disagree and Blue stage. 

The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0862. This positive correlation of 0.0957 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 


This positive correlation of 0.0957 makes sense, given Blue's adherence to established order and traditional authority. In the Blue worldview, truth and proper codes of conduct have already been defined by powers above questioning. 

Seeing other points of view risks moral relativism that violates adherence to righteous structure. It allows chaos, doubt, and sinful urges to undermine clarity guardrails upholding the sacred social order.

From authoritarian Blue logic, understanding others' contexts often enables unvirtuous mindsets. It departs from deference to the wisdom of elders who have already determined absolute rights and wrongs to preserve stability.  

Additionally, Blue utilizes discipline and punishment to deal with those who stray outside conformity. Empathy for rule-breakers signals weakness, threatening Blue ideals around justice, loyalty, and duty.

In sum, the data suggests Blue strongly favors conformity over contextual flexibility. Adhering closely to sanctified top-down rules ensures salvation and continuity, while empathy erodes the walls protecting timeless truth from secular second guessing.


In our analysis of the poll "Gender difference in building self-confidence (IFD Allensbach)," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.15 between the Finances and Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.1283. This positive correlation of 0.15 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 



This positive correlation of 0.15 makes sense, given Blue's orientation toward stability, order, and convention. Finances align with these priorities.


For Blue, having one's financial house in order is a virtue and a mark of proper adulthood. It demonstrates self-control, responsibility, and playing by the rules - core Blue values.


Blue also respects traditional symbols of success like home ownership and savings accounts. These can represent that one has "made it" according to established social standards. Many traditional Blue communities see Financial discipline and prudence as moral virtues.


This correlation shows Blue's wise insistence on accountability and maturity within balance. Yet even Blue's ordered world needs sparks of inspiration and faith in things unseen. Wisdom integrates the material and spiritual.



In our analysis of the poll "Ageism in Life," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.1164 between the Age group 35-39 and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0866. This positive correlation of 0.1164 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.



This positive correlation of 0.1164 suggests that individuals in the 35-39 age group are more likely to align with the Blue value system. This makes sense given blue's emphasis on order, tradition, and conformity to established norms. 


By the mid-30s, many have settled into stable careers and family structures. There is comfort in the predictability and security of Blue's clearly defined roles and rules. Adherence to tradition and time-honored institutions can provide a sense of meaning and belonging. 


However, Blue should be mindful not to become overly rigid or closed-minded. Rapidly changing times require adaptability. Clinging too tightly to the past can breed resistance to necessary growth and reform. It will be beneficial here to analyze the additional poll, "I live thinking about my past, present or future," and to see a correlation with the Future (-0.0234 now).


The wisdom of Blue lies in upholding ethical principles and social stability while remaining open to evolving truths. Respect for order need not preclude receptivity to positive change. Balance is key.



In our analysis of the poll "What will you do this week to look after your mental health?" we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.0847 between the Connect with Others and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0732. This negative correlation of -0.0847 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 



This negative correlation of -0.0847 makes sense, given the Blue value system is characterized by a strong focus on order, rules, tradition, and adherence to a moral code handed down from a higher authority. Individuals operating primarily from this worldview tend to be conformist, rule-bound and have a strong sense of duty and responsibility within their group or organization.


One potential explanation for this negative correlation could be that individuals at the Blue stage may prioritize more structured or prescribed approaches to mental health care, such as seeking guidance from authority figures or following established practices within their community or organization. More informal or unstructured connections may align less strongly with Blue vMeme's emphasis on rules, hierarchy, and tradition.


Additionally, the Blue value system's strong sense of duty and responsibility within one's group or organization could lead individuals to prioritize their obligations and responsibilities over activities perceived as leisure or personal indulgence, such as casual social connections.



In our analysis of the poll "Actions of companies in relation to personnel in the last month (Yes / No)," we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.0651 between the Sent employees on unpaid vacations and Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0586. This negative correlation of -0.0651 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 



This negative correlation of -0.0651 exceeds the critical value of 0.0586 and meets the reliability criteria for further analysis. The negative association could be explained by the Blue stage's focus on stability, structure, and a sense of duty toward one's organization or role.


The Blue value system strongly emphasizes order, rules, duty, discipline, and adherence to a moral code handed down from a higher authority. Individuals operating from this worldview tend to be loyal, rule-abiding, and have a strong sense of responsibility towards their group or organization.


Individuals at the Blue stage may perceive unpaid leaves as a disruption to the established order and a potential violation of the implicit social contract between employer and employee. Their strong sense of duty and loyalty could make them less inclined to support or endorse such actions by companies, as they may view it as a breach of trust or a departure from traditional employment norms.


Additionally, the Blue value system's emphasis on following rules, hierarchies, and established codes of conduct could contribute to a perception that unpaid leaves are inappropriate or unfair, particularly if clear policies or guidelines do not govern them.



In our analysis of the poll "What qualities and abilities do good leaders use when building successful teams?" we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.0589 between the Empathetic and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0432. This negative correlation of -0.0589 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.  



This negative correlation of -0.0589 exceeds the critical value of 0.0432, meets the reliability criteria for further analysis, and could be explained by Blue vMeme's focus on adherence to established rules, hierarchies, and codes of conduct.


The Blue value system strongly emphasizes order, rules, duty, discipline, and adherence to a moral code handed down from a higher authority. Individuals operating from this worldview tend to be conformists and rule-bound, with a strong sense of loyalty and responsibility towards their group or organization.


Individuals at the Blue stage may prioritize qualities in leaders that reinforce order, discipline, and adherence to established norms and procedures rather than prioritizing empathy or considering the subjective experiences and emotional states of others.


The Blue value system's strong sense of duty and responsibility towards one's organization or role could contribute to a perception that empathy should not supersede adherence to established protocols or directives from higher authorities.



In our analysis of the poll "Ageism’s causes," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.1223 between the No, interpersonal interactions do not reflect broader social attitudes, and Blue stage. 

The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0921. This positive correlation of 0.1223 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 


This positive correlation of 0.1223 is statistically significant, surpassing the critical value of 0.0921, and could be interpreted as a reflection of the strict compartmentalization of different spheres of life. 

Individuals at the Blue stage may strongly believe in following established rules and hierarchies, leading them to separate interpersonal interactions from broader societal attitudes.

In the Blue value system, there is a clear distinction between the personal and the societal realms, each governed by its own rules and codes of conduct. Interpersonal interactions may fall within the personal domain, subject to individual responsibilities and moral codes. At the same time, broader social attitudes are seen as part of the larger societal structure governed by higher authorities and traditions.

This separation may stem from a belief in the inherent order of things and a strict adherence to the roles and responsibilities assigned to each individual within the hierarchical structure. Personal duties and obligations guide interpersonal interactions, while broader social attitudes are dictated by the moral code and traditions handed down from higher authorities.

It is important to note that this correlation does not necessarily reflect a lack of concern for social issues or a disregard for broader societal attitudes. Instead, it may manifest the Blue value system's emphasis on maintaining clear boundaries and following established norms and traditions within each sphere of life.


In our analysis of the poll "Why do people procrastinate?" we found an intriguing negative correlation that warrants closer examination:  


-0.0903 between the Exhaustion: Feeling physically or mentally drained makes initiating or completing tasks challenging. / Highly Applicable, and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0793. This negative correlation of -0.0903 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.  



This negative correlation of -0.0903 suggests an inverse relationship between feeling physically or mentally drained (exhaustion) as a reason for procrastination and the Blue stage. Individuals operating within the Blue value system tend to exhibit a lower association with attributing their procrastination to exhaustion or feeling drained.


From the lens of the Blue value system, this negative correlation could be interpreted as a reflection of the strong sense of duty, discipline, and the belief in following established rules and hierarchies.


Those in the Blue stage may perceive exhaustion or feeling drained as a less acceptable justification for procrastination, as it could be seen as a violation of their moral code or a failure to uphold their responsibilities. The Blue value system emphasizes fulfilling one's obligations, regardless of personal circumstances or temporary setbacks.


Additionally, the Blue worldview values order, structure, and adherence to authority. Individuals operating within this value system may be more inclined to push through feelings of exhaustion or mental fatigue, driven by a sense of duty and the belief that rules and expectations must be met, even in challenging circumstances.


However, it is essential to note that this negative correlation does not necessarily imply a complete disregard for personal well-being or a lack of compassion within the Blue value system. Instead, it may reflect a prioritization of duty and adherence to moral codes over personal factors stemming from a belief in maintaining order and following established traditions and hierarchies.



In our analysis of the poll "Real Freedom Is," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.25 between Doing whatever feels good, regardless of consequences / Neither agree nor disagree and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.2016. This positive correlation of 0.25 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation. 



This positive correlation of 0.25 suggests a relationship between having a neutral stance on the statement "Real freedom is doing whatever feels good, regardless of consequences" and individuals operating within the Blue stage of value system development. 


The Blue worldview values adherence to a clear set of moral principles and codes of conduct, often handed down by higher authorities or religious/cultural traditions. Acting solely based on personal desires or impulses, without regard for consequences, may violate these established norms and hierarchies.


However, the neutral stance indicated by this correlation suggests a recognition that freedom is a complex concept with multiple dimensions and interpretations. While the Blue value system may reject the idea of absolute personal freedom without consequences, it may acknowledge the existence of other forms of freedom, such as the freedom to operate within the boundaries of established rules and moral codes.


It is important to note that this positive correlation does not necessarily imply a complete rejection or acceptance of the notion of freedom presented in the poll question. Instead, it may reflect a nuanced perspective that balances adherence to established moral codes with recognition of freedom's complexities and multiple interpretations.



In our analysis of the poll "Factors that impact team effectiveness," we found an intriguing positive correlation that warrants closer examination:  


0.0745 between the Structure and clarity and the Blue stage. 


The critical value of the correlation coefficient for a normal distribution, by William Sealy Gosset (Student) r = 0.0608. This positive correlation of 0.0745 meets the reliability criteria but does not necessarily imply causation.



This positive correlation of 0.0745 could be explained from the perspectives of both teams and individuals operating within the Blue value system, which emphasizes order, rules, tradition, duty, discipline, and adherence to moral codes handed down by higher authorities.


1) From the perspective of teams operating within the Blue value system:


This positive correlation suggests a relationship between teams aligned with the Blue worldview and the recognition of structure and clarity as critical factors impacting team effectiveness. Such teams may strongly emphasize well-defined processes, clear lines of authority, and prescribed roles and responsibilities, aligning with the Blue value system's focus on order, strict hierarchies, and adherence to established rules and moral codes.


2) From the perspective of individuals within the Blue value system:


This positive correlation indicates a higher association between individuals operating within the Blue stage of value system development and their acknowledgment of the importance of structure and clarity for effective teamwork. For these individuals, adherence to established norms, codes of conduct, and clearly defined roles is paramount for fostering a cohesive and productive team dynamic.


It is important to note that this positive correlation does not necessarily imply a rigid or inflexible approach to teamwork within the Blue value system. Instead, it may reflect a belief that structure, clarity, and adherence to prescribed norms and responsibilities are essential for maintaining order, upholding ethical principles, and fostering a sense of collective accountability and duty within teams and organizations.


In addressing issues related to team effectiveness, organizational dynamics, and fostering a productive and cohesive work environment, it may be beneficial for both teams and individuals to incorporate elements of the Blue value system, such as promoting clear communication channels, defining roles and responsibilities, and fostering a sense of duty and loyalty to the team or organization. By recognizing and accommodating these profoundly ingrained values, teams and organizations can develop strategies that align with the Blue value system's perspective while ensuring a balance between structure and adaptability, ultimately contributing to overall effectiveness and success.


What insights do you gain from these correlations? 


We welcome respectful and wise perspectives! 


After login or registration, free access to the poll results in the FAQ section.



2024.04.24
valerii kosenko
เจ้าของผลิตภัณฑ์ SaaS SDTEST®

Valerii มีคุณสมบัติเป็นนักจิตวิทยาการสอนสังคมในปี 1993 และตั้งแต่นั้นมาได้นำความรู้ของเขาไปใช้ในการจัดการโครงการ
Valerii ได้รับปริญญาโท รวมถึงคุณวุฒิผู้จัดการโครงการและโปรแกรมในปี 2013 ในระหว่างหลักสูตรปริญญาโท เขาเริ่มคุ้นเคยกับ Project Roadmap (GPM Deutsche Gesellschaft für Projektmanagement e. V.) และ Spiral Dynamics
Valerii เป็นผู้เขียนเรื่องการสำรวจความไม่แน่นอนของ V.U.C.A. แนวคิดโดยใช้ Spiral Dynamics และสถิติทางคณิตศาสตร์ในด้านจิตวิทยา และผลสำรวจระดับนานาชาติ 38 รายการ
โพสต์นี้มี 0 ความเห็น
ตอบกลับ
ยกเลิกการตอบกลับ
แสดงความคิดเห็นของคุณ
×
พบข้อผิดพลาด
PROPOSE รุ่นที่ถูกต้องของคุณ
ใส่อีเมลของคุณตามที่ต้องการ
ส่ง
ยกเลิก
Bot
sdtest
1
สวัสดี! ให้ฉันถามคุณคุณคุ้นเคยกับพลวัตเกลียวแล้วหรือยัง?